(This is a re-upload of an older sampler, now without copyright issues!) This is a sampler featuring techniques from my various martial arts tutorials and training videos. I've uploaded tutorials on the majority of the techniques featured in this video. Check my playlists section on my youtube channel to watch them. Click here to go directly to the Taekwondo Kickboxing tutorials playlist (which are tutorials geared toward Kickboxing, Olypmic TKD & MMA / Mixed Martial Arts competition): Click here to watch the video from my first professional fight: FAQs: Q: What is Taekwondo Kickboxing?
A: Taekwondo Kickboxing is essentially formal Taekwondo that has been trained for use under modern Kickboxing style competition rules (International, Full-Contact, Muay Thai, Sanda, etc). There have been quite a few Taekwondo style Kickboxers over the years, but there is no official 'Style' for it yet. This is simply my own version of it. Q: Where can I buy one of those kicking dummies? A: You can buy a Body Opponent Bag (B.O.B.) by going here: Q: What is in the base of the B.O.B./Bag? A: It is filled with around 270lbs of all-purpose sand.
Q: How long have you been training? A: Around 10 Years. I'm 25 years old. Q: Who are your influences? A: Check the playlists section on my channel page to see a full list of my favorite fighters Q: What is your name?
A: Micah Brock (Pronounced 'Mike-uh') You can read my channel profile for more info. 'Just got my gun back' - Original Song by King Legend now available on itunes.
A sparring match Also known as TKD, Tae Kwon Do, Tae Kwon-Do, Taekwon-Do, Tae-Kwon-Do Focus, Hardness, Country of origin Famous practitioners, Parenthood and along with the indigenous styles of, and Olympic sport Since 2000 Taekwondo 태권도 跆拳道 taegwondo tʼaekwŏndo ( ) Taekwondo (,:; from 태권도 ( )) is a, characterized by its emphasis on head-height kicks, jumping and spinning kicks, and fast kicking techniques. Taekwondo was developed during the 1940s and 1950s by various martial artists who combined elements of and with traditional Korean martial arts traditions such as, and. The oldest governing body for taekwondo is the (KTA), formed in 1959 through a collaborative effort by representatives from the nine original, or martial arts schools, in Korea. The main international organizational bodies for taekwondo today are the (ITF), founded by in 1966, and the partnership of the and (WT, formerly WTF), founded in 1972 and 1973 respectively by the. Gyeorugi ( ), a type of full-contact, has been an since 2000.
The governing body for taekwondo in the and is World Taekwondo. See also: Taekwondo is characterized by its emphasis on head-height kicks, jumping and spinning kicks, and fast kicking techniques. In fact, sparring competitions award additional points for strikes that incorporate spinning kicks, kicks to the head, or both. To facilitate fast, turning kicks, taekwondo generally adopts stances that are narrower and taller than the broader, wide stances used by martial arts such as karate. The tradeoff of decreased stability is believed to be worth the commensurate increase in agility, particularly in Kukkiwon-style taekwondo.
Theory of power The emphasis on speed and agility is a defining characteristic of taekwondo and has its origins in analyses undertaken. The results of that analysis are known by ITF practitioners as Choi's Theory of Power. Choi based his understanding of power on and as well as Chinese martial arts. For example, Choi observed that the power of a strike increases quadratically with the speed of the strike, but increases only linearly with the mass of the striking object. In other words, speed is more important than size in terms of generating power. This principle was incorporated into the early design of taekwondo and is still used.
Choi also advocated a relax/strike principle for taekwondo; in other words, between blocks, kicks, and strikes the practitioner should relax the body, then tense the muscles only while performing the technique. It is believed that the relax/strike principle increases the power of the technique, by conserving the body's energy. He expanded on this principle with his advocacy of the sine wave technique. This involves raising one's centre of gravity between techniques, then lowering it as the technique is performed, producing the up-and-down movement from which the term 'sine wave' is derived. The sine wave is generally practiced, however, only in schools that follow ITF-style taekwondo. Kukkiwon-style taekwondo, for example, does not employ the sine wave and advocates a more uniform height during movements, drawing power mainly from the rotation of the hip.
The components of the Theory of Power include:. Reaction Force - the principle that as the striking limb is brought forward, other parts of the body should be brought backwards in order to provide more power to the striking limb. As an example, if the right leg is brought forward in a, the right arm is brought backwards to provide the reaction force.
Concentration - the principle of bringing as many muscles as possible to bear on a strike, concentrating the area of impact into as small an area as possible. Equilibrium - maintaining a correct centre-of-balance throughout a technique. Breath Control - the idea that during a strike one should exhale, with the exhalation concluding at the moment of impact.
Mass - the principle of bringing as much of the body to bear on a strike as possible; again using the turning kick as an example, the idea would be to rotate the hip as well as the leg during the kick in order to take advantage of the hip's additional mass in terms of providing power to the kick. Speed - as previously noted, the speed of execution of a technique in taekwondo is deemed to be even more important than mass in terms of providing power.
Typical curriculum While organizations such as ITF or define the general style of taekwondo, individual clubs and schools tend to tailor their taekwondo practices. A typical A taekwondo student typically wears a uniform ( dobok 도복), often white but sometimes black (or other colors), with a belt tied around the waist. White uniforms are considered the traditional color and are usually encouraged for use at formal ceremonies such as belt tests and promotions. Colored uniforms are often reserved for special teams (such as demonstration teams or leadership teams) or higher-level instructors. There are at least three major styles of dobok, with the most obvious differences being in the style of jacket:. The cross-over front jacket (usually seen in ITF style), in which the opening of the jacket is vertical. The cross-over Y-neck jacket (usually seen in the Kukkiwon/WT style, especially for poomase competitions), in which the opening of the jacket crosses the torso diagonally.
The pull-over V-neck jacket (usually seen in Kukkiwon/WT style, especially for sparring competitions). White uniforms in the Kukkiwon/WT tradition will typically be white throughout the jacket (black trim along the collars only for dan grades), while ITF-style uniforms are usually trimmed with a black border along the collar and bottom of the jacket (for dan grades). The belt color and any insignia thereon indicate the student's rank. Different clubs and schools use different color schemes for belts. In general, the darker the color, the higher the rank. Taekwondo is traditionally performed in bare feet, although martial arts training shoes may sometimes be worn. When sparring, padded equipment is usually worn.
In the ITF tradition, typically only the hands and feet are padded. For this reason, ITF sparring often employs only light-contact sparring. In the Kukkiwon/WT tradition, full-contact sparring is facilitated by the employment of more extensive equipment: padded helmets called homyun are always worn, as are padded torso protectors called; feet, shins, groins, hands, and forearms protectors are also worn.
The school or place where instruction is given is called the (도장). Specifically, the term dojang refers to the area within the school in which martial arts instruction takes place; the word dojang is sometimes translated as gymnasium.
In common usage, the term dojang is often used to refer to the school as a whole. Modern dojangs often incorporate padded flooring, often incorporating red-and-blue patterns in the flooring to reflect the colors of the symbol. Some dojangs have wooden flooring instead.
The dojang is usually decorated with items such as flags, banners, belts, instructional materials, and traditional Korean calligraphy. Styles and organizations. A 'family tree' illustrating how the five original kwans gave rise to multiple styles of taekwondo. There are a number of major taekwondo styles as well as a few niche styles. Most styles are associated with a governing body or federation that defines the style. The major technical differences among taekwondo styles and organizations generally revolve around:.
the practiced by each style (called hyeong 형, pumsae 품새, or teul 틀, depending on the style); these are sets of prescribed formal sequences of movements that demonstrate mastery of posture, positioning, and technique. differences in the sparring rules for competition. martial arts philosophy. 1946: Traditional taekwondo The term traditional taekwondo typically refers to martial arts practised in Korea during the 1940s and 1950s by the nine original, or martial arts schools, after the conclusion of the Japanese occupation of Korea at the end of.
The term taekwondo had not yet been coined, and in reality, each of the nine original kwans practised its own style of martial arts. The term traditional taekwondo serves mostly as an umbrella term for these various styles, as they themselves used various other names such as Tang Soo Do (Chinese Hand Way), Kong Soo Do (Empty Hand Way) and Tae Soo Do (Foot Hand Way). Traditional Taekwondo is still studied today but generally under other names, such as and. In 1959, the name Taekwondo was agreed upon by the nine original kwans as a common term for their martial arts. As part of the unification process, The Korea Taekwondo Association (KTA) was formed through a collaborative effort by representatives from all the kwans, and the work began on a common curriculum, which eventually resulted in the Kukkiwon and the Kukki Style of Taekwondo. The original kwans that formed KTA continues to exist today, but as independent fraternal membership organizations that support the and Kukkiwon. The kwans also function as a channel for the issuing of Kukkiwon dan and poom certification (black belt ranks) for their members.
The official curriculum of those kwans that joined the unification is that of the Kukkiwon, with the notable exception of half the Oh Do Kwan which joined the ITF instead and therefore uses the Chan Hon curriculum. 1966: ITF/Chang Hon-style taekwondo (ITF)-style taekwondo, more accurately known as Chang Hon-style taekwondo, is defined by 's Encyclopedia of Taekwon-do published in 1987.
In 1990, the (GTF) split from the ITF due to the political controversies surrounding the ITF; the GTF continues to practice ITF-style taekwondo, however, with additional elements incorporated into the style. Likewise, the ITF itself split in 2001 and again in 2002 into three separate federations, headquartered in Austria, the United Kingdom, and Spain respectively. The GTF and all three ITFs practice Choi's ITF-style taekwondo. In ITF-style taekwondo, the word used for 'forms' is; the specific set of teul used by the ITF is called Chang Hon. Choi defined 24 Chang Hon teul. The names and symbolism of the Chang Hon teul refer to elements of, culture and religious philosophy.
The GTF-variant of ITF practices an additional six teul. Within the ITF taekwondo tradition there are two sub-styles:. The style of taekwondo practised by the ITF before its 1973 split with the KTA is sometimes called by ITF practitioners 'traditional taekwondo', though a more accurate term would be traditional ITF taekwondo. After the 1973 split, Choi Hong Hi continued to develop and refine the style, ultimately publishing his work in his 1987 Encyclopedia of Taekwondo.
Among the refinements incorporated into this new sub-style is the 'sine wave'; one of Choi Hong Hi's later principles of taekwondo is that the body's centre of gravity should be raised-and-lowered throughout a movement. Some ITF schools adopt the sine wave style, while others do not. Essentially all ITF schools do, however, use the patterns (teul) defined in the Encyclopedia, with some exceptions related to the forms Juche and Ko-Dang. 1969: ATA/Songahm-style taekwondo In 1969, a former taekwondo instructor in the South Korean military, relocated to Omaha, Nebraska and established a chain of martial arts schools in the United States under the banner of the (ATA). Like Jhoon Rhee Taekwondo, ATA taekwondo has its roots in traditional taekwondo.
The style of taekwondo practised by the ATA is called Songahm taekwondo. The ATA went on to become one of the largest chains of taekwondo schools in the United States. Naruto ninja destiny ii nds download italy music. The ATA established international spin-offs called the (STF) and the (WTTU) to promote the practice of Songahm taekwondo internationally.
In 2015, all the spin-offs were reunited under the umbrella of ATA International. 1970s: Jhoon Rhee-style taekwondo In 1962 relocated to the United States and established a chain of martial arts schools primarily in the Washington, D.C. Area that practised traditional taekwondo. In the 1970s, at the urging of, Rhee adopted ITF-style taekwondo within his chain of schools, but like the GTF later departed from the ITF due to the political controversies surrounding Choi and the ITF.
Rhee went on to develop his own style of taekwondo called Jhoon Rhee-style taekwondo, incorporating elements of both traditional and ITF-style taekwondo as well as original elements. (Note that Jhoon Rhee-style taekwondo is distinct from the similarly named, based in Australia and New Zealand). Jhoon Rhee-style taekwondo is still practised primarily in the United States and eastern Europe. 1972: Kukki-style / WT-taekwondo. Relative popularity of Kukkiwon-style taekwondo around the world In 1972 the (KTA) Central Dojang opened in Seoul in 1972; in 1973 the name was changed to.
Under the sponsorship of the South Korean government's the Kukkiwon became the new national academy for taekwondo, thereby establishing a new 'unified' style of taekwondo. In 1973 the KTA established the (WTF, now called, WT) to promote taekwondo as a sport. The recognized the WT and taekwondo sparring in 1980.
For this reason, the Kukkiwon-defined style of taekwondo is sometimes referred to as Sport-style taekwondo, Olympic-style taekwondo, or WT-style taekwondo, but the style itself is defined by the Kukkiwon, not by the WT, and the WT competition ruleset itself only allows the use of a very small number of the total number of techniques included in the style. Therefore, the correct term for the South Korean government sponsored style of Taekwondo associated with the Kukkiwon, is Kukki Taekwondo, meaning 'national taekwondo' in Korean.
In Kukki-style taekwondo, the word used for 'forms' is. In 1967 the KTA established a new set of forms called the Palgwae poomse, named after the eight trigrams of the. In 1971 however (after additional kwans had joined the KTA), the KTA and Kukkiwon adopted a new set of color-belt forms instead, called the Taegeuk poomsae. Black belt forms are called yudanja poomsae.
While ITF-style forms refer to key elements of Korean history, Kukki-style forms refer instead to elements of sino-Korean philosophy such as the and the. WT-sanctioned tournaments allow any person, regardless of school affiliation or martial arts style, to compete in WT events as long as he or she is a member of the WT Member National Association in his or her nation; this allows essentially anyone to compete in WT-sanctioned competitions. Other styles and hybrids As previously mentioned, in 1990 the (GTF) split from the (ITF) to form its own style of taekwondo based on ITF-style. Essentially this can be considered a variation of ITF-style.
Also in 1990, martial artist and actor, an alumnus of Hwang Kee's organization, established a hybrid martial art system called. Chun Kuk Do shares many techniques, forms and names with and Taekwondo, and so can be considered a variation of traditional taekwondo. Similarly, Lim Ching Sing's Hup Kwon Do and Kwang-jo Choi's also derive from taekwondo. Additionally, there are hybrid martial arts that combine taekwondo with other styles. These include:. Kun Gek Do (also Gwon Gyokdo) - combines taekwondo and.
Han Moo Do - Scandinavian martial art that combines taekwondo, and hoi jeon moo sool. Han Mu Do - Korean martial art that combines taekwondo and. Teukgong Moosool - Korean martial art that combines elements of taekwondo, kyuk too ki, and Chinese martial arts. developed at Korea's Yong-In University, combines taekwondo, and. Forms (patterns) Three Korean terms may be used with reference to taekwondo forms or patterns.
These forms are equivalent to in karate. Hyeong (sometimes romanized as hyung) is the term usually used in traditional taekwondo (i.e., 1950s–1960s styles of Korean martial arts).
Poomsae (sometimes romanized as pumsae or poomse) is the term officially used by Kukkiwon/WT-style and ATA-style taekwondo. Teul (sometimes romanized as tul) is the term usually used in ITF/Chang Hon-style taekwondo. A is a systematic, prearranged sequence of martial techniques that is performed either with or without the use of a weapon. In dojangs (taekwondo training gymnasiums) hyeong are used primarily as a form of interval training that is useful in developing, proper kinetics and mental and physical fortitude.
Hyeong may resemble combat, but are artistically non-combative and woven together so as to be an effective conditioning tool. One's aptitude for a particular hyeong may be evaluated in competition. In such competitions, hyeong are evaluated by a panel of judges who base the score on many factors including energy, precision, speed, and control. In Western competitions, there are two general classes of hyeong: creative and standard.
Creative hyeong are created by the performer and are generally acrobatic in nature and do not necessarily reflect the kinetic principles intrinsic in any martial system. Different taekwondo styles and associations (ATA, ITF, GTF, WT, etc.) use different taekwondo forms. Even within a single association, different schools in the association may use slightly different variations on the forms or use different names for the same form (especially in older styles of taekwondo). This is especially true for beginner forms, which tend to be less standardized than mainstream forms. Exhibition of taekwondo students at the Taekwondo ranks vary from style to style and are not standardized. Typically, these ranks are separated into 'junior' and 'senior' sections, colloquially referred to as 'color belts' and 'black belts':. The junior section of ranks - the 'color belt' ranks - are indicated by the Korean word 급 (also Romanized as gup or kup).
Practitioners in these ranks generally wear belts ranging in color from white (the lowest rank) to red (higher ranks, depending on the style of taekwondo). Belt colors may be solid or may include a colored stripe on a solid background. The number of geup ranks varies depending on the style, typically ranging between 8 and 12 geup ranks. The numbering sequence for geup ranks usually begins at the larger number of white belts, and then counts down to '1st geup' as the highest color-belt rank. The senior section of ranks - the ' ranks - is typically made up of nine ranks.
Each rank is called a 단 or 'degree' (as in 'third dan' or 'third-degree black belt'). The numbering sequence for dan ranks is opposite that of geup ranks: numbering begins at 1st dan (the lowest black-belt rank) and counts upward for higher ranks. A practitioner's degree is sometimes indicated on the belt itself with stripes, Roman numerals, or other methods. Some styles incorporate an additional rank between the geup and dan levels, called the 'bo-dan' rank—essentially, a candidate rank for black belt promotion. Additionally, the Kukkiwon/WT-style of taekwondo recognizes a 'poom' rank for practitioners under the age of 15: these practitioners have passed dan-level tests but will not receive dan-level rank until age 15.
At age 15, their poom rank is considered to transition to equivalent dan rank automatically. In some schools, holders of the poom rank wear a half-red/half-black belt rather than a solid black belt. To advance from one rank to the next, students typically complete promotion tests in which they demonstrate their proficiency in the various aspects of the art before their teacher or a panel of judges.
Promotion tests vary from school to school, but may include such elements as the execution of patterns, which combine various techniques in specific sequences; the breaking of boards to demonstrate the ability to use techniques with both power and control; sparring and self-defense to demonstrate the practical application and control of techniques; physical fitness usually with push-ups and sit-ups; and answering questions on terminology, concepts, and history to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the art. For higher dan tests, students are sometimes required to take a written test or submit a research paper in addition to taking the practical test. Promotion from one geup to the next can proceed rapidly in some since schools often allow geup promotions every two, three, or four months.
Students of geup rank learn the most basic techniques first, and then move on to more advanced techniques as they approach first dan. Many of the older and more traditional schools often take longer to allow students to test for higher ranks than newer, more contemporary schools, as they may not have the required testing intervals. In contrast, promotion from one dan to the next can take years.
In fact, some styles impose age or time-in-rank limits on dan promotions. For example, the number of years between one dan promotion to the next may be limited to a minimum of the practitioner's current dan-rank, so that (for example) a 5th dan practitioner must wait 5 years to test for 6th dan. Black belt ranks may have titles associated with them, such as 'master' and 'instructor', but taekwondo organizations vary widely in rules and standards when it comes to ranks and titles. What holds true in one organization may not hold true in another, as is the case in many systems.
For example, achieving first dan ( black belt) ranking with three years' training might be typical in one organization but considered too quick in another organization, and likewise for other ranks. Similarly, the title for a given dan rank in one organization might not be the same as the title for that dan rank in another organization. In the, instructors holding 1st to 3rd dan are called Boosabum (assistant instructor), those holding 4th to 6th dan are called Sabum (instructor), those holding 7th to 8th dan are called Sahyun (master), and those holding 9th dan are called Saseong (grandmaster).
This system does not, however, necessarily apply to other taekwondo organizations. In the American Taekwondo Association, instructor designations are separate from rank. Black belts may be designated as an instructor trainee (red collar), speciality trainer (red and black collar), certified trainer (black-red-black collar) and certified instructor (black collar). After a one-year waiting period, instructors who hold the sixth dan are eligible for the title of Master. Seventh dan black belts are eligible for the title Senior Master and eighth dan black belts are eligible for the title Chief Master.
In the Kukkiwon/WT-style students holding 1st-3rd dan are considered an Instructor, but generally, have much to learn. Students who hold a 4th - 6th dan are considered Masters. Those who hold a 7th - 9th dan are considered Grandmasters. This rank also holds an age requirement of 40+.
In this style, a 10th dan rank is sometimes awarded posthumously for practitioners with a lifetime of demonstrable contributions to the practice of taekwondo. Historical influences. Sparring in a taekwondo class Taekwondo competition typically involves, and; some tournaments also include special events such as demonstration teams and self-defense ( hosinsul). In Olympic taekwondo competition, however, only sparring (using WT competition rules) is performed. There are two kinds of competition sparring: point sparring, in which all strikes are light contact and the clock is stopped when a point is scored; and Olympic sparring, where all strikes are full contact and the clock continues when points are scored.
Sparring involves a Hogu, or a chest protector, which muffles any kick's damage to avoid serious injuries. Helmets and other gear are provided as well. Though other systems may vary, a common point system works like this: One point for a regular kick to the Hogu, two for a turning behind the kick, three for a back kick, and four for a spinning kick to the head. World Taekwondo (WT) Competition.
Official WT trunk protector ( ), forearm guards and shin guards Under World Taekwondo (WT, formerly WTF) and Olympic rules, sparring is a event and takes place between two competitors in either an area measuring 8 meters square or an octagon of similar size. Competitors are matched within gender and weight division - 8 divisions for World Championships that are condensed to 4 for the Olympics. A win can occur by points, or if one competitor is unable to continue (knockout). However, there are several decisions that can lead to a win, as well, including superiority, withdrawal, disqualification, or even a referee's punitive declaration. Each match consists of three two-minute rounds, with one minute rest between rounds, though these are often abbreviated or shortened for some junior and regional tournaments. Competitors must wear a, head protector, shin pads, foot socks, forearm guards, hand gloves, a mouthpiece, and a groin cup.
Tournaments sanctioned by national governing bodies or the WT, including the Olympics and World Championship, use electronic hogus, electronic foot socks, and electronic head protectors to register and determine scoring techniques, with human judges used to assess and score technical (spinning) techniques and score punches. Points are awarded for permitted techniques delivered to the legal scoring areas, as determined by the electronic scoring system, which assesses the strength and location of the contact. The only techniques allowed are kicks (delivering a strike using an area of the foot below the ankle) and punches (delivering a strike using the closed fist).
In some smaller tournaments, and in the past, points were awarded by three corner judges using electronic scoring tallies. All major national and international tournaments have moved fully (as of 2017) to electronic scoring, including the use of electronic headgear.
This limits corner judges to scoring only technical points and punches. Some believe that the new electronic scoring system reduces controversy concerning judging decisions, but this technology is still not universally accepted., In particular, the move to electronic headgear has replaced controversy over judging with controversy over how the technology has changed the sport. Because the headgear is not able to determine if a kick was a correct taekwondo technique, and the pressure threshold for sensor activation for headgear is kept low for safety reasons, athletes who improvised ways of placing their foot on their opponents head were able to score points, regardless of how true to taekwondo those techniques were. A punch that makes contact with the opponent's (the body guard that functions as a scoring target) scores one point, while a kick scores two points. (The trunk protector is referred to as a momtong pohodae 몸통 보호대 or trunk guard in the WT rules.) If a kick to the hogu involves a technique that includes fully turning the attacking competitor's body, so that the back is fully exposed to the targeted competitor during execution of the technique (spinning kick), three points are awarded. A kick to the head scores three points; as of October 2010 an additional point is awarded if a turning kick was used to execute this attack, making a spinning head kick worth 4 points. Punches to the head are not allowed.
As of October 2017, no additional points are awarded for knocking down an opponent (beyond the normal points awarded for legal strikes). The referee can give penalties at any time for rule-breaking, such as hitting an area not recognized as a target, usually the legs or neck. Penalties, called 'Gam-jeom' are counted as an addition of one point for the opposing contestant.
Following 10 'Gam-jeom' a player is declared the loser by referee's punitive declaration At the end of three rounds, the competitor with most points wins the match. In the event of a tie, a fourth 'sudden death' overtime round, sometimes called a 'Golden Point', is held to determine the winner after a one-minute rest period. In this round, the first competitor to score a point wins the match. If there is no score in the additional round, the winner is decided by superiority, as determined by the refereeing officials or number of fouls committed during that round. If a competitor has a 20-point lead at the end of the second round or achieves a 20-point lead at any point in the third round, then the match is over and that competitor is declared the winner. Is the officially recognized National Governing Body for Taekwondo for the (USOC), and the official Member National Association of the World Taekwondo Federation.
In addition to sparring competition, World Taekwondo sanctions competition in poomsae or forms, although this is not an Olympic event. Single competitors perform a designated pattern of movements, and are assessed by judges for accuracy (accuracy of movements, balance, precision of details) and presentation (speed and power, rhythm, energy), both of which receive numerical scores, with deductions made for errors. Pair and team competition is also recognized, where two or more competitors perform the same form at the same time. In addition to competition with the traditional forms, there is experimentation with freestyle forms that allow more creativity. The World Taekwondo Federation directly sanctions the following competitions:. World Taekwondo Poomsae Championships. (since 2009).
World Taekwondo Cadet Championships. World Taekwondo Junior Championships. World Taekwondo Team Championships. World Taekwondo Para Championships. World Taekwondo Beach Championships.
(debut in 2020 Tokyo Paralympics) International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF) Competition. Common styles of ITF point sparring equipment The 's sparring rules are similar to the WT's rules but differ in several aspects. Hand attacks to the head are allowed.
The competition is not full contact, and excessive contact is not allowed. Competitors are penalized with disqualification if they injure their opponent and he can no longer continue (knockout).
The scoring system is:. 1 point for Punch to the body or head. 2 points for Jumping kick to the body or kick to the head. 3 points for Jumping kick to the head.
The competition area may vary between 10×10 meters and 20×20 meters in international championships. Competitors do not wear the hogu (although they are required to wear approved foot and hand protection equipment, as well as optional head guards). This scoring system varies between individual organisations within the ITF; for example, in the TAGB, punches to the head or body score 1 point, kicks to the body score 2 points, and kicks to the head score 3 points. A continuous point system is utilized in ITF competition, where the fighters are allowed to continue after scoring a technique. Excessive contact are generally not allowed according to the official ruleset, and judges penalize any competitor with disqualification if they injure their opponent and he can no longer continue (although these rules vary between ITF organizations).
At the end of two minutes (or some other specified time), the competitor with more scoring techniques wins. Fouls in ITF sparring include: attacking a fallen opponent, leg sweeping, holding/grabbing, or intentional attack to a target other than the opponent.
ITF competitions also feature performances of patterns, and 'special techniques' (where competitors perform prescribed board breaks at great heights). Other organizations (AAU) competitions are very similar, except that different styles of pads and gear are allowed. Apart from WT and ITF tournaments, major taekwondo competitions (all featuring WT taekwondo only) include:. Taekwondo is also an optional sport at the.
Korean Taekwondo Vocabulary. Some common taekwondo terminology and parts of the body In taekwondo schools - even outside Korea - commands and vocabulary are often used. May be used as prompts for commands or for counting repetition exercises. Different schools and associations will use different vocabulary, however, and may even refer to entirely different techniques by the same name. As one example, in Kukkiwon/WT-style taekwondo, the term ap seogi refers to an upright walking stance, while in ITF/Chang Hon-style taekwondo ap seogi refers to a long, low, front stance. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
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Kukkiwon (2005). Kukkiwon Textbook. Seoul: Osung. ^ Capener, Steven D.; H. Edward Kim (ed.) (2000).
Korea: Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Republic of Korea. Korea has a long history of martial arts stretching well back into ancient times. Written historical records from the early days of the Korean peninsula are sparse, however, there are a number of well-preserved archaeological artefacts that tell stores of Korea's early martial arts.'
, 'taekwondo leaders started to experiment with a radical new system that would result in the development of a new martial sport different from anything ever seen before. This new martial sport would bear some important similarities to the traditional Korean game of taekkyon. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list.
Seth, Michael J. A History of Korea: From Antiquity to the Present. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. Cummings, B. Korea's Place in the Sun.
New York, NY: W.W. (1993): About the author. Choi: Taekwon-Do: The Korean art of self-defence, 3rd ed. Mississauga: International Taekwon-Do Federation. Glen R. Cook, Doug (2006).
'Chapter 3: The Formative Years of Taekwondo'. Traditional Taekwondo: Core Techniques, History and Philosophy. Boston: YMAA Publication Center.
The Condensed Encyclopedia Fifth Edition. Archived from on 2009-09-18. Young Choi's father sent him to study calligraphy under one of the most famous teachers in Korea, Mr Han II Dong.
Han, in addition to his skills as a calligrapher, was also a master of taekkyeon, the ancient Korean art of foot fighting. The teacher, concerned over the frail condition of his new student, began teaching him the rigorous exercises of taekkyeon to help build up his body. Benko, James. The Tenants Of Tae Kwon Do. ITA Institute. Retrieved 13 March 2013. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
Retrieved September 11, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014. World Taekwondo Federation (2004). Archived from on 2007-07-02. Retrieved 2007-08-11.
World Taekwondo. October 1, 2017. (24 June 2017, p. 38). Gomez, Brian (August 23, 2009). Archived from on 26 December 2010.
Taekwondo Techniques For Sparring
Press, MARIA CHENG Associated. Retrieved 2017-10-02. ^ World Taekwondo Federation (Oct 7, 2010): (7 October 2010, pp.
Retrieved on 27 November 2010. World Taekwondo. October 1, 2017. World Taekwondo Federation.
Retrieved 2016-04-30. ITF World Junior & Senior Tournament Rules - Rules and Regulations. Retrieved 2015-06-13. External links. The dictionary definition of at Wiktionary. Media related to at Wikimedia Commons.
Like any martial art properly taught and properly practiced, Taekwondo is a non-agressive and ethical system of self-defense. Taekwondo developed from humble beginnings over 1,000 years ago and has since spread internationally to become one of the world's most successful and popular martial arts. Its practitioners enjoy physical and mental discipline, as well as excellent fitness and the ability to defend themselves if necessary. Taekwondo is not only a combat sport, but is also a way of life for enthusiasts around the globe.
The word Taekwondo itself is made up of three Chinese/Korean words: Tae, meaning to kick or jump; Kwon, meaning fist or hand; and Do, which means 'the way.' Loosely (if not literally), it can be thought of as 'The Way of the Hand and Foot.' While famous for its wide range of kicks, Taekwondo also emphasizes breaking power, such as splitting wood and bricks using only the bare hands and feet. Training involves a variety of techniques, to include punching, kicking, dodging, jumping, parrying and blocking. Taekwondo also focuses on sparring and learning formal patterns of movement called forms.
The style of Taekwondo supported by the ATA is known as Songahm Taekwondo, a style specifically developed over 20 years' time by to make it accessible to anyone willing to learn, and to truly reflect Taekwondo and the strength and beauty of its kicking techniques. For more information, please use the links to the left, or choose from the convenient list below:.: A brief history of Taekwondo, from its humble beginnings to its current place in our world.: Why is our style of Taekwondo so special and effective?.: Completely lost when it comes to our belt ranking system? Learn how it all breaks down here.: Taekwondo doesn't just look cool, it can also help improve your life.: Our Taekwondo helps people learn and master several important skills About ATA The American Taekwondo Association (ATA) is the premier North American organization dedicated to the martial arts discipline of taekwondo, and is the founding organization of other international affiliates that include the and the. Counting both the U.S. And worldwide, our organizations have over, and have registered over one million students since the ATA's inception in 1969. Since the first class was taught many years ago, the focus of Songahm Taekwondo has remained the same: to provide students the highest quality martial arts instruction available in a safe and positive learning environment that people of all ages can enjoy.
The instructors combine excellent student instructor ratios with state of the art training facilities. This has helped establish licensed schools and clubs as the leaders in the martial arts industry. Each instructor is a graduate of an instructor program that represents more than thirty years of research and development.
He or she will be with you every step of the way to help you reach your individual goals (and maybe even reach some new goals you never before thought possible). For more info, use the links to the left, or choose from the convenient list below:.: A brief history of the ATA.: Read more about the affiliates and branches of the ATA.: Find out about some of our various martial arts programs.
Main article:. Attention Stance Charyeot is Attention Arms fixed at the side, thumb or middle finger parallel to trousers,keeping the heels together, with the toes apart, standing straight, looking forward, and not moving at any time. Closed Stance Moa Soguy Walking Stance Gunnun Sogui or Ahp sogui is used to approach or retreat in combat and poomsae. Feet should be maintained shoulder width apart except when stepping, where the leading foot moves outwards marginally. To maintain a solid base, each step should put about a shoulderbetween feet, and the stance should be a shoulder width-and-a-half long. When stopping in the middle of a step, the back foot should be inclined outwards slightly to aid balance. This in some cases is called 'Front Stance.'
However, in some schools a front stance is an elongated walking stance with a lower center of gravity due to the longer, spread apart position of the feet. Right left up down.
Back L-Stance Niunja Sogui (Back Stance: Dwi-gibi Sogui) is a standard fighting stance used in taekwondo in preparation to perform a kick. The body is turned to present only the side to the opponent and the legs are split one-and-a-half shoulder widths apart.
The front foot points directly forward while the back leg is turned out just under 90 degrees. The feet are lined up along the heels. The proper L-stance properly aligned, stand with your feet together, turn out the toes and step the back foot directly backwards into the stance.
70% of the weight should be on the back leg which means the front leg can be engaged in quick kicking and it will not unbalance the practitioner if swept. Parallel Stance Narani Sogi is a neutral stance from where a variety of Taekwondo kicks and punches may be thrown. The feet are both pointed forward and placed shoulder width apart. Arms are lightly bent with the clenched fist just under the navel and the muscles of the body should be lightly relaxed, ready to spring into action at any moment. This position is also often referred to as Ready Stance or Jumbi Sogi. Rear Foot Stance Dwit Bal Sogui or Poom sogi is sometimes known as Cat Stance or Tiger Stance in Taekwondo. It is like the L-Stance but much tighter, and the feet are slightly over head width apart.
Again most of the weight is placed on the back foot(90/10), leaving the front leg ready to kick. Sitting Stance Annun Sogui or Joo-choom sogi is a low stance used in Taekwondo and several other martial arts as a neutral position, which also enables an individual to practice punching. It is known as the 'horse-stance'. Feet are placed wide, around two shoulder widths apart and the knees are deeply bent until the hamstrings lie parallel with the floor. The back is kept straight.
Arms are bent with closed, upturned fists held at the hips. As each punch is directed forward, the fist swivels 180 degrees down to a natural position before impact, turning back up again as it is retracted to the sides.
This is a very arduous position for the legs and lower back. While punches are being trained, other parts of the body are receiving a workout. As a student progresses, his hips will begin to open up and he will be able to achieve an even lower stance.
Tests of martial endurance are often based around maintaining this position for protracted periods, holding other objects on outstretched arms or even balancing them on the head. Fighting Stance Kyorugi joonbi is a simple stance which is similar to back stance, but with the practitioners weight center to allow for kicking with either front or back foot. It largely resembles the fighting stance a boxer will take.
Hand attacks Taekwondo hand strikes are performed as a close distance alternative to kicks. They are executed in a number of ways from standing, jumping, spinning and rushing forwards. Hand strikes make up fast combinations of strikes which can leave an opponent stunned and unable to defend himself. Taekwondo hand strikes can be separated into two distinct styles:. Various surfaces of the hand may be engaged as the striking surface depending on which area of the opponents body which is being targeted. This leads to a large array of hand positions. Forefist - A closed fist may be jabbed out directly to strike with the forefist knuckles.
This is a suitable position for general punches to soft areas of the body. Without protection, it is inadvisable to strike the bony face as fingers are likely to get broken on the hard temple and jaw bones. Hammer fist - A closed fist may be brought down in a hammering motion to strike with the underneath. Such a strike can obliterate an opponent's nose, making it nearly impossible for him to retaliate. Backfist - A Son Deung clenched hand is swung backwards into the face of an opponent. The back of the hand makes contact and the momentum garnered in the swing makes this a powerful strike. Spinning backfists are a knockout punch and banned in most Taekwondo competitions.
Knifehand - 'Sonkal' is the Taekwondo name for a move similar to the 'karate chop', i.e. Where an open hand is hammered down to make impact with the underside. A ridgehand is the opposite, where the top of the open hand strikes. These are commonly made to the side of the neck. Fingertips - Jumeok can be used to strike vulnerable areas of the body such as pressure points. Four finger strikes engaging the tips of the outstretched hand (known as a spearhand) can be made to vital points in the neck. Thumb - Eomji is a fist with the thumb protruding over the top.
This is a formidable weapon in pressure point striking. Vulnerable areas can be targeted all over the body such as the sternum, the spaces in between the ribs and other nerve clusters. Palm heel - a classic self-defence strike where the hand is pulled back to engage the base of the palm in an upwards thrusting strike. This is particularly dangerous if applied to the base of the nose or chin and can result in death. This strike is banned in competition Taekwondo. Elbow strike ( palgup chigi)- The forearm is folded inwards towards the body and the strike is delivered with the outside of the forearm or elbow while stepping forwards. Tae Kwon Do also makes use of reverse and front elbow strikes.
Four-knuckle strike - This is a fist shape particular to the Asian martial arts. Instead of closing the fist completely, the fingers are held out and only the knuckles are bent, thereby presenting the upper set of knuckles as the striking surface.
This fist is used for breaking boards as the smaller surface area concentrates the punches power. In self-defence, it may be used to purposefully break an attacker's jaw. Eagle strike - In this strike, the fingers all touch together, and the hand is pointed down, exposing the top of the wrist,which is then swung upward to strike the underside of the jaw. If done properly, this strike can easily fracture the jawbone, and is usually banned from competitions due to the extreme danger. If done improperly, however, the practitioner may break his wrist.
Tiger claw - A strike using the space between the index finger and thumb. Fingers are made rigid, and the attack is usually directed towards the neck/trachea. Serves as a way to incapacitate an opponent for a few seconds. Pincer hand - A strike which uses thumb and forefinger to strike opponent's throat. In this technique a fist is closed except thumb and forefinger which are fully extended outwards. Scissor finger - A fist in which forefinger and middle finger is extended out as if to dig someone's eye.
Similar to Pincer hand except that the forefinger and middle finger is extended outwards. Chestnut fist - Similar to normal fist except that first three knuckles are pushed outward slightly with thumb.
Kick ( Chagi). Main article: All kicks can be executed as jump kicks, spin kicks, jump spin kicks or multi-rotational spin kicks. Also, all can be performed by the front or rear leg in a given stance.
Some of the best-known Taekwondo kicks include:. (앞 차기 ap chagi): This is a very linear kick.
The practitioner raises the knee to the waist, pulls the toes back and quickly extends the foot at the target. It is also known as the snap kick. The front kick is one of the first kicks learned in taekwondo; if mastered it can become one of the most powerful.
This technique is more meant to be used to push the attacker away, but can injure the opponent as well. (옆 차기 yeop chagi): A very powerful kick, in which the practitioner simultaneously raises the knee and rotates the body 90 degrees, while extending their leg. In WTF style taekwondo, this technique should strike with the outside edge of the foot, although using the heel may provide more force if used in sparring. (돌려 차기 dollyeo chagi): The practitioner raises the knee, turns the hips, pivots on the non-kicking foot, and snaps the kick horizontally into the target at an 80 to 90-degree angle, either with the instep or with the ball of the foot with the toes pulled back. (뒷 차기 dwit chagi): The practitioner turns the body away from the target and pushes the back leg straight toward the target, hitting it with the heel while watching over the shoulder. The turning motion helps to give this kick a lot of power. Without proper care, you can 'spin out' and lose your balance from using this attack.
(반대 옆 차기 bandae yeop chagi): This kick is similar to the back kick, except the body turns further, allowing the heel to hit the target with the foot pointing to the side as in a regular side kick, instead of downward as in a true back kick. (후려 차기 huryeo chagi): A less popular kick traditionally, however it has found increasing favor in modern competitions.
The practitioner raises the knee in a fashion similar to the roundhouse kick, then extends the foot outward then snaps it around in a dorsal arc, with the heel as the intended striking weapon. (내려 차기 naeryeo chagi): Another kick that has increased in popularity due to sparring competitions. The leg is raised usually from the outside of the body like an outside crescent kick. Then the leg is pulled down with the heel pointed downward. It is typically targeted toward the head, shoulder, or chest and requires significant flexibility to employ effectively. This kick is best used against the collar bone, which can readily break from this attack.
The setup in the initial raise of the kick can also be done from the inside, or middle (straight up and down.). Jump Spin Kick. ( an chagi/ bakkat chagi): There are two variations of this kick: the outer crescent and the inner crescent. In the outer, the practitioner raises the extended leg as high as possible, and slightly up across the body, (a bit across the centerline of the body), then sweeping outward to the side, in a circular movement. In the inner, the motions are the same but the direction of the kick changes, this time originating from the outside of the body, heading towards the inside, or centerline of the body. These kicks are also called 'inside crescent kick' and 'outside crescent kick' at some taekwondo schools.
(반대 돌려 차기 bandae dollyeo chagi): There are several spinning kicks that involve the rotation of the entire body and head before the kick is released. Spinning kicks include the back pivot kick (dweel chagi), spinning hook kick (dweel huryeo chagi), spinning axe kick, returning kick, 360 turning kick, and a number of other kicks of varying popularity. ( on mondollyo chagi):The practitioner steps forward and spins in the direction of their back leg while raising their knee and jumping to perform a spinning inside crescent kick in midair. (뛰어 차기 ttwieo chagi). : Jump Spin Hook Kick There are also many kicks that involve jumping before their execution. These include the jumping front kick (ee dan ap chagi), jumping side kick (이단 옆 차기 idan yeop chagi), flying side kick, jumping axe kick, jumping roundhouse (ee dan dollyeo chagi), jumping spinning hook kick, jumping spinning roundhouse kick, jumping back kick, and jump spinning side kick.
Normally, jumping kicks involve pulling up the back leg to help gain height during the jump and then performing the kick itself with the front leg. Advanced kicks: There are a variety of kicks that can be used in combination or stem out from a simple kick to create more difficult ones. Some of these include 540 Kick (One spins 1½ times in mid-air and does a kick, usually a back spinning hook kick), a 720 Kick (the practitioner spins 2 times in mid-air and performs a kick, usually a back spinning hook kick), and Triple Aero Kicks (Practitioner performs round house kick, back spinning hook kick, and another round house kick in mid-air). Fast Kicks: Also, many kicks can be employed using a fast kick style. The practitioner shuffles the back leg forward to the front leg, and the front leg comes up and kicks closer to the enemy than the practitioner had been before execution. This can be used with side kick, roundhouse kick, front kick, hook kick, and axe kick. Blocks ( Makgic burat).
Main article: Taekwondo blocks known as Makgi are used to stop and deflect an incoming attack. They engage various parts of the arm with the hand and are held in different positions such as knife-hand, closed fist etc. Each block is suitable for a particular kind of attack and may be combined with another punch or kick to make a counter-attack. Single Forearm Block - Wae Sun Palmok is used to deflect an attack (usually a kick) made at the torso. Starting up near the opposite shoulder,and the leading hand is projected down and across the body to deflect the kick with the forearm. Low Block - Najundi Makgi is used to defend against low attacks to the torso or legs. This is one of the most basic Taekwondo blocks and one of the first things a beginner will learn.
The lead forearm is bent and raised to shoulder height, snapping the arm down straight with the palm facing the ground, which blocks any incoming low kicks. Rising Block - Chookya Makgi is another basic Taekwondo block, used to defend against overhead attacks to the head and shoulders. The arm is bent and raised above the head, and the underside of the forearm absorbs the impact of the blow, which may be painful but is better than it connecting with your head or delicate clavicle.
This block is used to defend against Hammerfists, Axe Kicks and overhead strikes with blunt instruments. Palm Block - Sonbadak Naeryo Makgi is a standard block used to deflect incoming kicks and punches. The open hand is raised up to shoulder height and thrust directly down to meet the attackers limb. The heel of the hand makes contact with the attacker’s forearm in case of a punch, or shin in case of a kick.
Although simple, it requires a lot of partner training to get the timing of this Taekwondo block correct. Knife Hand Block - The hand is kept in a knife hand position to block attacks to the torso. As the front arms sweeps down in an arc from the inside to the outside of the body, the back hand is simultaneously pulled back to the back hip and ready for a counter punch. Double Forearm Block - This is a more advanced Taekwondo block, designed to be used against a strong attack to the center of the body. Standing sideways, the lead forearm blocks the attack with the fist closed. The second arm provides further support, linking into the crook of the arm so both forearms are at a 90 degree angle to the body. Double Knife Hand Block - With the hands held open in the knife hand position, a powerful kick aimed at the solar plexus can be successfully blocked.
Both hands come across the body, intersecting at the forearms and providing a firm defence. Nine Block - This is a black belt leveled block and the first time it is usually used is around the black belt form.The person blocks their chest with one hand and stomach region with the other.The shape of the block forms a number nine when executed correctly.Both arms are bent at a 45 degree angle as well and it leaves little space open in the mid region of the defenders body.Your hand when this move is executed correctly should also be above your groin on the bottom and next to you opposite shoulder with the top hand. Upper Block - Also known as the Ulgul Makgi. The one using the block first keeps their fist sideways at the stomach or torso. They then rise the fist up to their head, deflecting the attack. Any attack made at the upper part of the body is blocked if timed correctly using this block.
Patterns, Poomsae, Hyung, Tul Taekwondo patterns, also known as poomsae, teul, or constitute an important part of Taekwondo competitions. A pattern is a series of movements linked together in a prescribed sequence. Both basic and advanced taekwondo techniques can be contained within a single patterns and the higher the level of the competitor, the greater the difficulty of the techniques and the complexity of the pattern. Competitors must perform their highest pattern in front of a panel of judges.
There are three types of Taekwondo pattern competition:. Team Taekwondo patterns - Performed simultaneously by several competitors from a club organised into a single team. Club teams compete by performing two patterns each, one after the other. Once one team have finished both their patterns can the competing team then perform theirs. Again, the judges choose the best pattern to go through to the next round. In taekwondo tournaments, pattern competitions are generally graded on:.
Realism. Taekwondo patterns are the learning ground for real combat. As such, every technique must display the requisite speed, power and firmness to be realistically used as an attack or defines move. A competitor's 'presence' on the mat must be as credible as his technique. Self belief, confidence in abilities, and intention to perform to a personal best are tangible virtues considered indispensable in Taekwondo practitioners. Proper manners must be displayed when interacting with the judges directly before and after the pattern.
Respect must also be extended to rival competitors, clubs and other officials. General qualities that judges look for in any Taekwondo practitioner include proper breathing technique and body control. The diaphragm must be engaged in deep breathing, shallow breathing concentrated in the upper abdomen results in raised shoulders and stressed muscles.
The muscles of the body should be lightly relaxed in order to perform the pattern with fluidity, speed and grace. Muscles should only be tensed at the moment of imaginary impact in order to commute maximum power to any individual Taekwondo technique Self defense Taekwondo self-defense is known as kinuo and it forms one of the 20 main principles of the art. The self-defense applications would be difficult to score in sparring as they are designed primarily to cause injury or quickly incapacitate an adversary. In competition, self-defense techniques take the format of a demonstration event, much like ponomoom. One person is usually designated the part of the Taekwondo practitioner, while several teammates take the role of common street aggressors who attack from various angles with punches, kicks and grabs common to street brawlers.
Weapons may also be used, as Taekwondo has specific techniques for dealing with armed adversaries. Taekwondo self-defense competition provides an opportunity for students to display their understanding of Taekwondo self-defense applications and the ability to put together their own team choreography. Self-defense routines are often performed as displays for the public, in which case there are no judges present.
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Many Taekwondo clubs include self-defense in their daily routine in both WTF and ITF. There are two main concepts in Taekwondo self-defense. For real life combat situations, an experienced Taekwondo practitioner is versed in the following:. Linear (or hard) techniques. Circular (or soft) techniques Linear Techniques These include mostly punching, kicking, headbutts and other striking maneuvers. Force is countered with force and all limbs are involved in stopping an adversary. Taekwondo kicks have a wide reach that keeps the adversary at a distance.
With proper execution opponents may be incapacitated with a single blow, which lessens the number of attacks in encounters with multiple people. Circular techniques These emphasize redirection and manipulation rather than strength. The adversary can be manipulated into a position whereby a lock, stranglehold and/or finishing move can be applied. Grappling techniques are used both as a means of securing an adversary and escaping from an adversary's grip. Soft self-defense techniques like the stranglehold or joint lock can be used to subdue the attacker, avoiding dealing permanent injury.
Taekwondo self-defense techniques demonstrated in competition may include:. Pressure point applications. In Taekwondo philosophy, the body has many sensitive areas that are susceptible to precise attack.
These are known as pressure points or ji ap sul. There are three types of pressure point that can induce one or a combination of the following: pain, paralysis, or death. These can be targeted with gripping and/or striking in order to immobilize or cause substantial pain to submit the opponent.
Beginner Taekwondo Hand Techniques
Known as too sul, Taekwondo practitioners can divert the opponent's force to their own advantage and throw him to the ground. Once on the ground the practitioner has greater control over his adversary and can follow up with subsequent controlling or finishing techniques. Joint Locks. Otherwise known as kwan jyel sul in Taekwondo, these can be useful against armed attackers. Typically the attacking limb is grabbed and then manipulated to cause immense pain in the adversary. Joint locks can be applied on any joint in the body and are particularly useful for controlling an opponent who has been thrown to the ground. Termination techniques.
These are a range of strikes applied to an opponent downed by a previous throw or strike. Powerful downward traveling kicks and hand strikes are used to make sure the opponent stays down. Choking techniques. In Chil sik sul, the idea of applying a stranglehold is to deprive the attacker's brain of either oxygenated blood through the carotid artery and/or oxygen for the lungs through the trachea. The Taekwondo practitioner uses leverage from his arm and sometimes involves the attackers clothing in applying pressure to the sensitive neck area. Choke holds are particularly dangerous and only taught to higher level Taekwondo students, as over exertion can crush the trachea or cause sudden death.
Freeing techniques. Paegi are taught to Taekwondo students so that they can quickly free themselves and neutralise the danger of being grabbed by an attacker. Competition demonstrations frequently involve one student grabbing another from behind. The science of Taekwondo is equally concerned with defense as attack so proper freeing techniques must be learnt. Like other Taekwondo competition events, self-defense is marked by a panel of judges. When scoring they are looking at the following factors:. Aliveness.
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How realistic is the Taekwondo students demonstration? Does he move with the requisite urgency and do his techniques have the emotional content to make the judges believe in their power? Are the Taekwondo techniques being demonstrated precisely? Are the kicks clean, fast and strong? Are joint locks and throws being performed accurately? Does the student have control over his adversaries or are they making it easy for him?
What is the range of the Taekwondo practitioners knowledge? Is he showing his understanding of liner and direct counter-attacks? Has he performed a practical finishing technique after each throw or lock?.
Difficulty. More difficult Taekwondo techniques score higher than simple ones if performed correctly. However, a poorly executed technique will always score lower than a simple, effective technique performed well; students should not be demonstrating techniques that they have not mastered. List of Taekwondo techniques Taekwondo techniques vary between schools and level and not all techniques are included. Techniques often combined into longer set Tul or Hyeong, again these vary from school to school.
Stances (Sogi) Hand attacks Kicks (Chagi) Blocks (Makgi) Patterns, Poomsae, Hyung, Tul Self-defense BreakingEdit Breaking, the discipline of destroying inanimate materials such as wooden boards, bats, ice or bricks is a feature common to several Asian martial arts. It can be seen in its oldest form within some branches of Chinese Kung Fu such as Iron Shirt Chi Gung, where iron bars are smashed off the bare heads of martial arts experts, typically Shaolin monks. In Taekwondo breaking competitions, the idea is to demonstrate power, speed and technique. The preferred object is commonly wooden boards of varying thicknesses, advanced students break several boards stacked one on top of the other. In Taekwondo, the hardness of the object to be broken is usually subjugated to the difficulty of the technique to be employed. Thus various body parts are used, such as the ridge of the hand, the knuckles or even the fingertips.
Headbutts, knee strikes, elbow strikes and various parts of the foot are also used to break boards. A single board or stack of boards may be broken or, alternatively, a series of boards may be broken in a pre-set sequence utilizing a variety of strikes. Advanced competitors may even break several boards in a single jump with multiple kicks before landing. In ITF Taekwondo sparring competitions, using maximum force is not allowed due to the focus being on correct technique over technique effect. Breaking boards or bricks is therefore used as a way to test the power of the competitor. Taekwondo competition breaking may be roughly divided into two main categories: Power breaking.
The power of a technique is measured by breaking single or multiple stacked boards. Stacked boards are commonly placed on raised supports on the ground. Speed breaking. A single board is held lightly between the fingertips of an assistant, at advanced levels the board is tossed into the air. Regardless of the power of a technique, if the board is not hit with the requisite speed in the correct places it will not break. Starting with coloured belts Taekwondo students must learn breaking.
As they progress through the ranks, the breaks they perform increase in difficulty as do the number of boards. As time goes on, the Taekwondo student's hands and bones become accustomed to breaking boards - repeated practice hardens bones, skin and tendons. Wolff's law states that the human skeleton will adapt to the stress it is put under, therefore the bones actually become stronger as a Taekwondo student advances in his martial arts career. ReferencesEdit Taekwondo Forms Self Defense Pressure Points Further readingEdit Modern Taekwondo:The Official Training Manual, Soon Man Lee and Gaetane Ricke;Sterling Publishing Company, Inc., New York, NY;copyright 1999 Traditional Taekwondo:Core Techniques, History, and Philosophy, Master Doug Cook;YMAA Publication Center, Inc.;Boston, Massachusetts;copyright 2006 Forces of Tae Kwon Do, Edward B Sell and Brenda J Sell;U.S.
Chung Do Kwan Association, Lakeland, Florida;copyright 2004 Read in another language Last modified 10 days ago Wikipedia ® MobileDesktop Content is available under CC BY-SA 3.0 unless otherwise noted. Privacy References.
Each rank in Songahm Taekwondo has basic moves (also known as techniques) that the practitioner must learn and demonstrate competence in before they may move on to their next rank. These techniques have been carefully developed to help the student maximize their potential at their current level of knowledge, as well as preparing them for the techniques they must learn in their next rank. In Songahm Taekwondo, everything builds on what has come before. Although there are many moves in Songahm Taekwondo, and martial arts in general, they can usually be categorized into these types: hand movements (strikes and blocks), kicks and stances.
HAND MOVEMENTS There are two basic types of hand motions. The first is striking, an offensive technique. The second is blocking, a defensive technique.
To develop the quality of their techniques, one must focus on proper starting position, execution, rotation, direction, and ending position. To improve the power of hand movements, one can add body movements such as twisting the hips. KICKS The term kicks is used to describe the element of foot motion. To develop the quality of technique in kicking, it's important to focus on the the stages of foot movements and body posture. The stages of kicking include the following: proper chamber, execution, rotation, direction and re-chamber. To achieve excellent kicking technique, movements of the foot must be combined with proper body posture. STANCES Seo-Gi (stances) are structured body positions.
In Songahm Taekwondo, their primary purpose is a training tool to allow students to execute techniques in conjunction with various body movements. By learning stances and executing techniques from these stances, they learn to add power to their techniques while remaining stable, and also to become more relaxed in executing their techniques over time. The secondary purpose of stances is conditioning, both in muscle development and in stretching. It should also be noted that very few stances are actually developed for combat or sparring.
Given the structured nature of stances, and the chaotic nature of combat, attempting to fight from a stance would actually put a Songahm Taekwondo practitioner at a disadvantage.
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